What is cholesterol levels?
Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like substance that is found in all cells of the body. Your body needs some cholesterol to make hormones, vitamin D, and substances that help you digest foods. Your body makes all the cholesterol it needs. However, cholesterol also comes from the foods you eat.
There are two main types of cholesterol:
- LDL cholesterol - often called "bad" cholesterol. Having high levels can increase your risk for heart disease and stroke.
- HDL cholesterol - often called "good" cholesterol. Having high levels can lower your risk for heart disease and stroke.
When there is too much LDL cholesterol in your blood, it can slowly build up in the inner walls of your arteries. This is called atherosclerosis, which can lead to heart attack and stroke.
Some factors that can affect your cholesterol levels include:
- Diet - Eating foods high in saturated and trans fats can raise LDL cholesterol levels. These foods include red meat, dairy products, fried foods, and baked goods. Eating more fiber — especially soluble fiber — can help lower your LDL cholesterol. Good sources are beans, oats, barley, fruits and vegetables.
- Weight - Being overweight tends to increase your LDL cholesterol level. Losing weight can help lower LDL and raise HDL cholesterol levels.
- Physical activity - Regular physical activity can lower LDL (bad) cholesterol and raise HDL (good) cholesterol.
- Age and sex - As women and men get older, their cholesterol levels rise. Women's LDL (bad) cholesterol levels tend to rise after menopause.
It's important to have your cholesterol checked. People ages 20 or older should have their cholesterol levels checked every 4 to 6 years. People with high cholesterol may need more frequent testing.
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Some key takeaways about cholesterol:
- High LDL cholesterol can increase risk of heart disease and stroke
- HDL cholesterol helps remove LDL cholesterol from arteries
- Diet, weight, and physical activity impact cholesterol levels
- Adults should have cholesterol tested every 4-6 years
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I hope this gives a helpful overview of what cholesterol is and how to maintain healthy levels. Let me know if you have any other questions!